- (Exam Topic 2)
A company runs an loT application in the AWS Cloud. The company has millions of sensors that collect data from houses in the United States. The sensors use the MOTT protocol to connect and send data to a custom MQTT broker. The MQTT broker stores the data on a single Amazon EC2 instance. The sensors connect to the broker through the domain named iot.example.com. The company uses Amazon Route 53 as its DNS service. The company stores the data in Amazon DynamoDB.
On several occasions, the amount of data has overloaded the MOTT broker and has resulted in lost sensor data. The company must improve the reliability of the solution.
Which solution will meet these requirements?

1. A. Create an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and an Auto Scaling group for the MOTT broke
2. B. Use the Auto Scaling group as the target for the AL
3. C. Update the DNS record in Route 53 to an alias recor
4. D. Point the alias record to the AL
5. E. Use the MQTT broker to store the data.
6. F. Set up AWS loT Core to receive the sensor dat
7. G. Create and configure a custom domain to connect to AWS loT Cor
8. H. Update the DNS record in Route 53 to point to the AWS loT Core Data-ATS endpoin
9. I. Configure an AWS loT rule to store the data.
10. J. Create a Network Load Balancer (NLB). Set the MQTT broker as the targe
11. K. Create an AWS Global Accelerator accelerato
12. L. Set the NLB as the endpoint for the accelerato
13. M. Update the DNS record in Route 53 to a multivalue answer recor
14. N. Set the Global Accelerator IP addresses as value
15. O. Use the MQTT broker to store the data.
16. P. Set up AWS loT Greengrass to receive the sensor dat
17. Q. Update the DNS record in Route 53 to point to the AWS loT Greengrass endpoin
18. R. Configure an AWS loT rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function to store the data.

Correct Answer: A
it describes a solution that uses an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and an Auto Scaling group for the MQTT broker. The ALB distributes incoming traffic across the instances in the Auto Scaling group and allows for automatic scaling based on incoming traffic. The use of an alias record in Route 53 allows for easy updates to the DNS record without changing the IP address. This solution improves the reliability of the MQTT broker by allowing it to automatically scale based on incoming traffic, reducing the likelihood of lost data due to broker overload.
Reference: https://aws.amazon.com/elasticloadbalancing/applicationloadbalancer/ https://aws.amazon.com/autoscaling/ https://aws.amazon.com/route53/

- (Exam Topic 2)
A solutions architect needs to improve an application that is hosted in the AWS Cloud. The application uses an Amazon Aurora MySQL DB instance that is experiencing overloaded connections. Most of the application's operations insert records into the database. The application currently stores credentials in a text-based configuration file.
The solutions architect needs to implement a solution so that the application can handle the current connection load. The solution must keep the credentials secure and must provide the ability to rotate the credentials automatically on a regular basis.
Which solution will meet these requirements?

1. A. Deploy an Amazon RDS Proxy layer in front of the DB instanc
2. B. Store the connection credentials as a secret in AWS Secrets Manager.
3. C. Deploy an Amazon RDS Proxy layer in front of the DB instanc
4. D. Store the connection credentials in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store.
5. E. Create an Aurora Replic
6. F. Store the connection credentials as a secret in AWS Secrets Manager.
7. G. Create an Aurora Replic
8. H. Store the connection credentials in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store.

Correct Answer: A
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/AuroraUserGuide/rds-proxy.html

- (Exam Topic 1)
A company has purchased appliances from different vendors. The appliances all have loT sensors. The sensors send status information in the vendors' proprietary formats to a legacy application that parses the information into JSON. The parsing is simple, but each vendor has a unique format. Once daily, the application parses all the JSON records and stores the records in a relational database for analysis.
The company needs to design a new data analysis solution that can deliver faster and optimize costs. Which solution will meet these requirements?

1. A. Connect the loT sensors to AWS loT Cor
2. B. Set a rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function to parse the information and save a .csv file to Amazon S3. Use AWS Glue to catalog the file
3. C. Use Amazon Athena and Amazon OuickSight for analysis.
4. D. Migrate the application server to AWS Fargate, which will receive the information from loT sensors and parse the information into a relational forma
5. E. Save the parsed information to Amazon Redshift for analysis.
6. F. Create an AWS Transfer for SFTP serve
7. G. Update the loT sensor code to send the information as a .csv file through SFTP to the serve
8. H. Use AWS Glue to catalog the file
9. I. Use Amazon Athena for analysis.
10. J. Use AWS Snowball Edge to collect data from the loT sensors directly to perform local analysis.Periodically collect the data into Amazon Redshift to perform global analysis.

Correct Answer: A
Connect the IoT sensors to AWS IoT Core. Set a rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function to parse the information and save a .csv file to Amazon S3. Use AWS Glue to catalog the files. Use Amazon Athena and Amazon QuickSight for analysis. This solution meets the requirement of faster analysis and cost optimization by using AWS IoT Core to collect data from the IoT sensors in real-time and then using AWS Glue and Amazon Athena for efficient data analysis.
This solution involves connecting the loT sensors to the AWS loT Core, setting a rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function to parse the information, and saving a .csv file to Amazon S3. AWS Glue can be used to catalog the files and Amazon Athena and Amazon QuickSight can be used for analysis. This solution will enable faster and more cost-effective data analysis.
This solution is in line with the official Amazon Textbook and Resources for the AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional certification. In particular, the book states that: “AWS IoT Core can be used to ingest and process the data, AWS Lambda can be used to process and transform the data, and Amazon S3 can be used to store the data. AWS Glue can be used to catalog and access the data, Amazon Athena can be used to query the data, and Amazon QuickSight can be used to visualize the data.” (Source: https://d1.awsstatic.com/training-and-certification/docs-sa-pro/AWS_Certified_Solutions_Architect_Professiona

- (Exam Topic 1)
A company has a web application that allows users to upload short videos. The videos are stored on Amazon EBS volumes and analyzed by custom recognition software for categorization.
The website contains stat c content that has variable traffic with peaks in certain months. The architecture consists of Amazon EC2 instances running in an Auto Scaling group for the web application and EC2
instances running in an Auto Scaling group to process an Amazon SQS queue The company wants to
re-architect the application to reduce operational overhead using AWS managed services where possible and remove dependencies on third-party software.
Which solution meets these requirements?

1. A. Use Amazon ECS containers for the web application and Spot Instances for the Auto Scaling group that processes the SQS queu
2. B. Replace the custom software with Amazon Recognition to categorize the videos.
3. C. Store the uploaded videos n Amazon EFS and mount the file system to the EC2 instances for Te web applicatio
4. D. Process the SOS queue with an AWS Lambda function that calls the Amazon Rekognition API to categorize the videos.
5. E. Host the web application in Amazon S3. Store the uploaded videos in Amazon S3. Use S3 event notifications to publish events to the SQS queue Process the SQS queue with an AWS Lambda function that calls the Amazon Rekognition API to categorize the videos.
6. F. Use AWS Elastic Beanstalk to launch EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group for the web application and launch a worker environment to process the SQS queue Replace the custom software with Amazon Rekognition to categorize the videos.

Correct Answer: C
Option C is correct because hosting the web application in Amazon S3, storing the uploaded videos in Amazon S3, and using S3 event notifications to publish events to the SQS queue reduces the operational overhead of managing EC2 instances and EBS volumes. Amazon S3 can serve static content such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and media files directly from S3 buckets. Amazon S3 can also trigger AWS Lambda functions through S3 event notifications when new objects are created or existing objects are updated or deleted. AWS Lambda can process the SQS queue with an AWS Lambda function that calls the Amazon Rekognition API to categorize the videos. This solution eliminates the need for custom recognition software and third-party dependencies345
References: 1: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/using-spot-instances.html 2:
https://aws.amazon.com/efs/pricing/ 3:
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/WebsiteHosting.html 4:
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/NotificationHowTo.html 5:
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/rekognition/latest/dg/what-is.html 6: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/elasticbeanstalk/latest/dg/Welcome.html

- (Exam Topic 1)
A retail company is operating its ecommerce application on AWS. The application runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The company uses an Amazon RDS DB instance as the database backend. Amazon CloudFront is configured with one origin that points to the ALB. Static content is cached. Amazon Route 53 is used to host all public zones.
After an update of the application, the ALB occasionally returns a 502 status code (Bad Gateway) error. The root cause is malformed HTTP headers that are returned to the ALB. The webpage returns successfully when a solutions architect reloads the webpage immediately after the error occurs.
While the company is working on the problem, the solutions architect needs to provide a custom error page instead of the standard ALB error page to visitors.
Which combination of steps will meet this requirement with the LEAST amount of operational overhead? (Choose two.)

1. A. Create an Amazon S3 bucke
2. B. Configure the S3 bucket to host a static webpag
3. C. Upload the custom error pages to Amazon S3.
4. D. Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm to invoke an AWS Lambda function if the ALB health check response Target.FailedHealthChecks is greater than 0. Configure the Lambda function to modify the forwarding rule at the ALB to point to a publicly accessible web server.
5. E. Modify the existing Amazon Route 53 records by adding health check
6. F. Configure a fallback target if the health check fail
7. G. Modify DNS records to point to a publicly accessible webpage.
8. H. Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm to invoke an AWS Lambda function if the ALB health check response Elb.InternalError is greater than 0. Configure the Lambda function to modify the forwarding rule at the ALB to point to a public accessible web server.
9. I. Add a custom error response by configuring a CloudFront custom error pag
10. J. Modify DNS records to point to a publicly accessible web page.

Correct Answer: CE
"Save your custom error pages in a location that is accessible to CloudFront. We recommend that you store them in an Amazon S3 bucket, and that you don’t store them in the same place as the rest of your website or application’s content. If you store the custom error pages on the same origin as your website or application, and the origin starts to return 5xx errors, CloudFront can’t get the custom error pages because the origin server is unavailable."
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonCloudFront/latest/DeveloperGuide/GeneratingCustomErrorResponses.htm