You want to migrate your on-premises PostgreSQL database to Compute Engine. You need to migrate this database with the minimum downtime possible. What should you do?

1. A. Perform a full backup of your on-premises PostgreSQL, and then, in the migration window, perform an incremental backup.
2. B. Create a read replica on Cloud SQL, and then promote it to a read/write standalone instance.
3. C. Use Database Migration Service to migrate your database.
4. D. Create a hot standby on Compute Engine, and use PgBouncer to switch over the connections.

Correct Answer: D
PgBouncer maintains a pool for connections for each database and user combination. PgBouncer either creates a new database connection for a client or reuses an existing connection for the same user and database. + PgBouncer is a simple PostgreSQL connection pool that allows for several thousand connections at a time. Using Kubernetes Engine to run a Helm Chart w/ PgBouncer based on the great article from futuretech- industries, we were able to set up an easily deployable system to get the most out of our CloudSQL DBs without breaking the bank. https://medium.com/google-cloud/increasing-cloud-sql-postgresql-max-connections-w-pgbouncer-kubernetes-engine-49b0b2894820#:~:text=That%20is%20where,breaking%20the%20bank.

You are working on a new centralized inventory management system to track items available in 200 stores, which each have 500 GB of data. You are planning a gradual rollout of the system to a few stores each week. You need to design an SQL database architecture that minimizes costs and user disruption during each regional rollout and can scale up or down on nights and holidays. What should you do?

1. A. Use Oracle Real Application Cluster (RAC) databases on Bare Metal Solution for Oracle.
2. B. Use sharded Cloud SQL instances with one or more stores per database instance.
3. C. Use a Biglable cluster with autoscaling.
4. D. Use Cloud Spanner with a custom autoscaling solution.

Correct Answer: D
https://cloud.google.com/spanner/docs/autoscaling-overview
* 1. CloudSQL max out at 64TB, so unable to told 100TB of data. https://cloud.google.com/sql/docs/quotas#metrics_collection_limit 2. Scale is done manually on SQL Cloud

Your DevOps team is using Terraform to deploy applications and Cloud SQL databases. After every new application change is rolled out, the environment is torn down and recreated, and the persistent database layer is lost. You need to prevent the database from being dropped. What should you do?

1. A. Set Terraform deletion_protection to true.
2. B. Rerun terraform apply.
3. C. Create a read replica.
4. D. Use point-in-time-recovery (PITR) to recover the database.

Correct Answer: A
From Google's documentation, "For stateful resources, such as databases, ensure that deletion protection is enabled. The syntax is: lifecycle { prevent_destroy = true } https://cloud.google.com/docs/terraform/best-practices-for-terraform#stateful-resources

You manage a meeting booking application that uses Cloud SQL. During an important launch, the Cloud SQL instance went through a maintenance event that resulted in a
downtime of more than 5 minutes and adversely affected your production application. You need to immediately address the maintenance issue to prevent any unplanned events in the future. What should you do?

1. A. Set your production instance's maintenance window to non-business hours.
2. B. Migrate the Cloud SQL instance to Cloud Spanner to avoid any future disruptions due to maintenance.
3. C. Contact Support to understand why your Cloud SQL instance had a downtime of more than 5 minutes.
4. D. Use Cloud Scheduler to schedule a maintenance window of no longer than 5 minutes.

Correct Answer: A

Your organization has a security policy to ensure that all Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL databases are secure. You want to protect sensitive data by using a key that meets specific locality or residency requirements. Your organization needs to control the key's lifecycle activities. You need to ensure that data is encrypted at rest and in transit. What should you do?

1. A. Create the database with Google-managed encryption keys.
2. B. Create the database with customer-managed encryption keys.
3. C. Create the database persistent disk with Google-managed encryption keys.
4. D. Create the database persistent disk with customer-managed encryption keys.

Correct Answer: B
https://cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/configure- cmek#createcmekinstance