I When closing the test activities, all the testware resources can be uninstalled and released
II All the testware should be subject to Configuration Management
III. The testware. at the end of the project, should be transferred to the organization responsible for maintenance
IV The developers are responsible for the correct installation of the testware

1. A. II, Ill
2. B. I, Ill
3. C. I, IV
4. D. II, IV

Correct Answer: A
Testware is a term that refers to all artifacts produced during the testing process, such as test plans, test cases, test scripts, test data, test results, defect reports, etc. The following statements about testware are correct:
✑ II) All the testware should be subject to Configuration Management. Configuration management is a process that establishes and maintains consistency among work products throughout their life cycle. Configuration management applies to all testware, as it helps ensure their quality and consistency, track their changes and defects, control their versions and access rights, and link them to other artifacts.
✑ III) The testware at the end of the project should be transferred to the organization responsible for maintenance. Maintenance testing is testing performed on a software product after delivery to correct defects or improve performance or other attributes. Maintenance testing requires testware from previous testing activities or phases, such as test cases, test data, test results, etc. Therefore, the testware at the end of the project should be transferred to the organization responsible for maintenance testing, such as support team or maintenance team. The following statements about testware are incorrect:
✑ I) When closing the test activities, all the testware resources can be uninstalled and released. This statement is incorrect, as some testware resources may still be needed for future testing activities or phases, such as maintenance testing or regression testing. Therefore, when closing the test activities, some testware resources should be archived and stored for future use, while others can be uninstalled and released.
✑ IV) The developers are responsible for the correct installation of the testware. This statement is incorrect, as the testers are responsible for the correct installation of the testware. The testers should ensure that they have access to all necessary testware resources and that they are installed and configured properly before starting the test execution. Verified References: A Study Guide to the ISTQB® Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus - Springer, Chapter 6, page 58-61.

Out of the following. what is not needed to specify in defect report?

1. A. Test environment details
2. B. How to reproduce the defect
3. C. How to fix the defect
4. D. Seventy and priority

Correct Answer: C
A defect report is a document that records the details of a defect found during testing. A defect report typically contains the following items:
✑ Identifier: A unique identifier for the defect report
✑ Summary: A concise summary of the defect
✑ Description: A detailed description of the defect, including the steps to reproduce it, the expected and actual results, and any relevant screenshots or logs
✑ Severity: The degree of impact that the defect has on the system
✑ Priority: The level of urgency for resolving the defect
✑ Status: The current state of the defect, such as new, open, resolved, closed, etc.
✑ Resolution: The action taken to resolve the defect, such as fix, workaround, reject, etc. Out of these items, the one that is not needed to specify in a defect report is how to fix the defect. How to fix the defect is a technical solution that is usually determined by the developer who is assigned to resolve the defect. How to fix the defect is not part of the defect report, but rather part of the code change or patch that is delivered to fix the defect. The other items are needed to specify in a defect report, as they provide essential information for identifying, tracking and resolving defects. Verified References: [A Study Guide to the ISTQB® Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus - Springer], Chapter 3, page 32-33.

Which of the following provides the BEST description of statement coverage?

1. A. A white-box test technique which covers the decision results which determine the next statement to be executed
2. B. A black-box test technique which uses a state table to derive test cases
3. C. A white-box test technique which focuses on the percentage of executable statements that has been executed by a test suite
4. D. An experience-based test technique in which test cases are based on the tester's knowledge of past failures

Correct Answer: C
Statement coverage is a white-box test technique which focuses on executing all possible statements in the code at least once during testing. This helps in determining the percentage of executable statements that have been executed by the test suite, aiming to ensure that all parts of the program have been tested at least once (ISTQB Main Web).References:
✑ ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0: ISTQB CTFL Syllabus
v4.0 PDF

Which of the following is a CORRECT statement about how a tester should communicate about defects, test results, and other test information?

1. A. Testers should include personal opinions and judgements in defect reports and review findings
2. B. Testers should emphasize the benefits of testing, such as increased quality and reduced risk
3. C. Testers should reject all questions about their test findings and information
4. D. Testers should take a command-and-control approach with the project team

Correct Answer: B
Communication from testers about defects, test results, and other test information should emphasize the benefits of testing such as increased quality and reduced risk. This positive framing helps in reinforcing the value of testing and ensuring stakeholders understand the contribution of testing to the overall project success (ISTQB not-for-profit association).References:
✑ ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0: https://istqb-main-web-
prod.s3.amazonaws.com/media/documents/ISTQB_CTFL_Syllabus-v4.0.pdf

A test manager defined the following test levels in her test plan; Component, System and Acceptance.
Which Software Development lifecycle is the Test Manager most likely following?

1. A. V-Model
2. B. Agile
3. C. Waterfall
4. D. Prototyping

Correct Answer: A
The test manager is most likely following the V-model for software development. The V-model is a software development model that defines four testing levels that correspond to four development phases: component testing corresponds to component design, integration testing corresponds to architectural design, system testing corresponds to system requirements specification, and acceptance testing corresponds to user requirements specification. The V-model also defines the test planning and test execution activities for each testing level. Agile is a software development model that follows an iterative and incremental approach, where testing is integrated into each iteration and adapts to changing requirements and feedback. Waterfall is a software development model that follows a sequential and linear approach, where testing is performed after the development phase is completed. Prototyping is a software development model that involves creating a simplified version of the software to elicit user feedback and validate requirements before developing the final product. Verified References: A Study Guide to the ISTQB® Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus - Springer, page 18.