A global pharmaceutical company receives test results for new drugs from various testing facilities worldwide. The results are sent in millions of 1 KB-sized JSON objects to an Amazon S3 bucket owned by the company. The data engineering team needs to process those files, convert them into Apache Parquet format, and load them into Amazon Redshift for data analysts to perform dashboard reporting. The engineering team uses AWS Glue to process the objects, AWS Step Functions for process orchestration, and Amazon CloudWatch for job scheduling.
More testing facilities were recently added, and the time to process files is increasing. What will MOST efficiently decrease the data processing time?

1. A. Use AWS Lambda to group the small files into larger file
2. B. Write the files back to Amazon S3. Process the files using AWS Glue and load them into Amazon Redshift tables.
3. C. Use the AWS Glue dynamic frame file grouping option while ingesting the raw input file
4. D. Process the files and load them into Amazon Redshift tables.
5. E. Use the Amazon Redshift COPY command to move the files from Amazon S3 into Amazon Redshift tables directl
6. F. Process the files in Amazon Redshift.
7. G. Use Amazon EMR instead of AWS Glue to group the small input file
8. H. Process the files in Amazon EMR and load them into Amazon Redshift tables.

Correct Answer: A

A banking company is currently using an Amazon Redshift cluster with dense storage (DS) nodes to store sensitive data. An audit found that the cluster is unencrypted. Compliance requirements state that a database with sensitive data must be encrypted through a hardware security module (HSM) with automated key rotation.
Which combination of steps is required to achieve compliance? (Choose two.)

1. A. Set up a trusted connection with HSM using a client and server certificate with automatic key rotation.
2. B. Modify the cluster with an HSM encryption option and automatic key rotation.
3. C. Create a new HSM-encrypted Amazon Redshift cluster and migrate the data to the new cluster.
4. D. Enable HSM with key rotation through the AWS CLI.
5. E. Enable Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Ephemeral (ECDHE) encryption in the HSM.

Correct Answer: BD

A media company has been performing analytics on log data generated by its applications. There has been a recent increase in the number of concurrent analytics jobs running, and the overall performance of existing jobs is decreasing as the number of new jobs is increasing. The partitioned data is stored in Amazon S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA) and the analytic processing is performed on Amazon EMR clusters using the EMR File System (EMRFS) with consistent view enabled. A data analyst has determined that it is taking longer for the EMR task nodes to list objects in Amazon S3.
Which action would MOST likely increase the performance of accessing log data in Amazon S3?

1. A. Use a hash function to create a random string and add that to the beginning of the object prefixes when storing the log data in Amazon S3.
2. B. Use a lifecycle policy to change the S3 storage class to S3 Standard for the log data.
3. C. Increase the read capacity units (RCUs) for the shared Amazon DynamoDB table.
4. D. Redeploy the EMR clusters that are running slowly to a different Availability Zone.

Correct Answer: C
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/emr/latest/ManagementGuide/emrfs-metadata.html

A media analytics company consumes a stream of social media posts. The posts are sent to an Amazon Kinesis data stream partitioned on user_id. An AWS Lambda function retrieves the records and validates the content before loading the posts into an Amazon Elasticsearch cluster. The validation process needs to receive the posts for a given user in the order they were received. A data analyst has noticed that, during peak hours, the social media platform posts take more than an hour to appear in the Elasticsearch cluster.
What should the data analyst do reduce this latency?

1. A. Migrate the validation process to Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose.
2. B. Migrate the Lambda consumers from standard data stream iterators to an HTTP/2 stream consumer.
3. C. Increase the number of shards in the stream.
4. D. Configure multiple Lambda functions to process the stream.

Correct Answer: D

A company is building an analytical solution that includes Amazon S3 as data lake storage and Amazon Redshift for data warehousing. The company wants to use Amazon Redshift Spectrum to query the data that is stored in Amazon S3.
Which steps should the company take to improve performance when the company uses Amazon Redshift Spectrum to query the S3 data files? (Select THREE )
Use gzip compression with individual file sizes of 1-5 GB

1. A. Use a columnar storage file format
2. B. Partition the data based on the most common query predicates
3. C. Split the data into KB-sized files.
4. D. Keep all files about the same size.
5. E. Use file formats that are not splittable

Correct Answer: BCD