- (Exam Topic 1)
A company hosts a web application on an Amazon EC2 instance. The web server logs are published to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. The log events have the same structure and include the HTTP response codes that are associated with the user requests. The company needs to monitor the number of times that the web server returns an HTTP 404 response.
What is the MOST operationally efficient solution that meets these requirements?

1. A. Create a CloudWatch Logs metric filter that counts the number of times that the web server returns an HTTP 404 response.
2. B. Create a CloudWatch Logs subscription filter that counts the number of times that the web server returns an HTTP 404 response.
3. C. Create an AWS Lambda function that runs a CloudWatch Logs Insights query that counts the number of 404 codes in the log events during the past hour.
4. D. Create a script that runs a CloudWatch Logs Insights query that counts the number of 404 codes in the log events during the past hour.

Correct Answer: A
This is the most operationally efficient solution that meets the requirements, as it will allow the company to monitor the number of times that the web server returns an HTTP 404 response in real-time. The other solutions (creating a CloudWatch Logs subscription filter, an AWS Lambda function, or a script) will require
additional steps and resources to monitor the number of times that the web server returns an HTTP 404 response.
A metric filter allows you to search for specific terms, phrases, or values in your log events, and then to create a metric based on the number of occurrences of those search terms. This allows you to create a CloudWatch Metric that can be used to create alarms and dashboards, which can be used to monitor the number of HTTP 404 responses returned by the web server.

- (Exam Topic 1)
An application accesses data through a file system interface. The application runs on Amazon EC2 instances in multiple Availability Zones, all of which must share the same data. While the amount of data is currently small, the company anticipates that it will grow to tens of terabytes over the lifetime of the application.
What is the MOST scalable storage solution to fulfill this requirement?

1. A. Connect a large Amazon EBS volume to multiple instances and schedule snapshots.
2. B. Deploy Amazon EFS in the VPC and create mount targets in multiple subnets.
3. C. Launch an EC2 instance and share data using SMB/CIFS or NFS.
4. D. Deploy an AWS Storage Gateway cached volume on Amazon EC2.

Correct Answer: B

- (Exam Topic 1)
A company uses AWS Organizations. A SysOps administrator wants to use AWS Compute Optimizer and AWS tag policies in the management account to govern all member accounts in the billing family. The SysOps administrator navigates to the AWS Organizations console but cannot activate tag policies through the management account.
What could be the reason for this issue?

1. A. All features have not been enabled in the organization.
2. B. Consolidated billing has not been enabled.
3. C. The member accounts do not have tags enabled for cost allocation.
4. D. The member accounts have not manually enabled trusted access for Compute Optimizer.

Correct Answer: C

- (Exam Topic 1)
A company is running a flash sale on its website. The website is hosted on burstable performance Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The Auto Scaling group is configured to launch instances when the CPU utilization is above 70%.
A couple of hours into the sale, users report slow load times and error messages for refused connections. A SysOps administrator reviews Amazon CloudWatch metrics and notices that the CPU utilization is at 20% across the entire fleet of instances.
The SysOps administrator must restore the website's functionality without making changes to the network infrastructure.
Which solution will meet these requirements?

1. A. Activate unlimited mode for the instances in the Auto Scaling group.
2. B. Implement an Amazon CloudFront distribution to offload the traffic from the Auto Scaling group.
3. C. Move the website to a different AWS Region that is closer to the users.
4. D. Reduce the desired size of the Auto Scaling group to artificially increase CPU average utilization.

Correct Answer: B
Implement an Amazon CloudFront distribution to offload the traffic from the Auto Scaling group does not breach the requirement of no changes in the network infrastructure. Reason is that cloudfront is a distribution that allows you to distribute content using a worldwide network of edge locations that provide low latency and high data transfer speeds. It plug in to existing setup, not changes to it.

- (Exam Topic 1)
A data storage company provides a service that gives users the ability to upload and download files as needed. The files are stored in Amazon S3 Standard and must be immediately retrievable for 1 year. Users access files frequently during the first 30 days after the files are stored. Users rarely access files after 30 days.
The company's SysOps administrator must use S3 Lifecycle policies to implement a solution that maintains object availability and minimizes cost.
Which solution will meet these requirements?

1. A. Move objects to S3 Glacier after 30 days.
2. B. Move objects to S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA) after 30 days.
3. C. Move objects to S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) after 30 days.
4. D. Move objects to S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) immediately.

Correct Answer: C
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