A company is running its line of business application on AWS, which uses Amazon RDS for MySQL at the persistent data store. The company wants to minimize downtime when it migrates the database to Amazon Aurora.
Which migration method should a Database Specialist use?

1. A. Take a snapshot of the RDS for MySQL DB instance and create a new Aurora DB cluster with the option to migrate snapshots.
2. B. Make a backup of the RDS for MySQL DB instance using the mysqldump utility, create a new Aurora DB cluster, and restore the backup.
3. C. Create an Aurora Replica from the RDS for MySQL DB instance and promote the Aurora DB cluster.
4. D. Create a clone of the RDS for MySQL DB instance and promote the Aurora DB cluster.

Correct Answer: C
https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/database/best-practices-for-migrating-rds-for-mysql-databases-to-amazon-aurora/ https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/AuroraUserGuide/AuroraPostgreSQL.Migrating.html#Aurora

A Database Specialist is constructing a new Amazon Neptune DB cluster and tries to load data from Amazon S3 using the Neptune bulk loader API. The Database Specialist is confronted with the following error message:
€Unable to establish a connection to the s3 endpoint. The source URL is s3:/mybucket/graphdata/ and the region code is us-east-1. Kindly confirm your Configuration S3.
Which of the following activities should the Database Specialist take to resolve the issue? (Select two.)

1. A. Check that Amazon S3 has an IAM role granting read access to Neptune
2. B. Check that an Amazon S3 VPC endpoint exists
3. C. Check that a Neptune VPC endpoint exists
4. D. Check that Amazon EC2 has an IAM role granting read access to Amazon S3
5. E. Check that Neptune has an IAM role granting read access to Amazon S3

Correct Answer: BE
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/bulk-load-tutorial-IAM.html https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/bulk-load-data.html
“An IAM role for the Neptune DB instance to assume that has an IAM policy that allows access to the data files in the S3 bucket. The policy must grant Read and List permissions.” “An Amazon S3 VPC endpoint. For more information, see the Creating an Amazon S3 VPC Endpoint section.”

A company has deployed an e-commerce web application in a new AWS account. An Amazon RDS for MySQL Multi-AZ DB instance is part of this deployment with a database-1.xxxxxxxxxxxx.us-east- 1.rds.amazonaws.com endpoint listening on port 3306. The company’s Database Specialist is able to log in to MySQL and run queries from the bastion host using these details.
When users try to utilize the application hosted in the AWS account, they are presented with a generic error message. The application servers are logging a “could not connect to server: Connection times out” error message to Amazon CloudWatch Logs.
What is the cause of this error?

1. A. The user name and password the application is using are incorrect.
2. B. The security group assigned to the application servers does not have the necessary rules to allow inbound connections from the DB instance.
3. C. The security group assigned to the DB instance does not have the necessary rules to allow inbound connections from the application servers.
4. D. The user name and password are correct, but the user is not authorized to use the DB instance.

Correct Answer: C

A Database Specialist is setting up a new Amazon Aurora DB cluster with one primary instance and three Aurora Replicas for a highly intensive, business-critical application. The Aurora DB cluster has one medium- sized primary instance, one large-sized replica, and two medium sized replicas. The Database Specialist did not assign a promotion tier to the replicas.
In the event of a primary failure, what will occur?

1. A. Aurora will promote an Aurora Replica that is of the same size as the primary instance
2. B. Aurora will promote an arbitrary Aurora Replica
3. C. Aurora will promote the largest-sized Aurora Replica
4. D. Aurora will not promote an Aurora Replica

Correct Answer: C
Priority: If you don't select a value, the default is tier-1. This priority determines the order in which Aurora https://docs.amazonaws.cn/en_us/AmazonRDS/latest/AuroraUserGuide/aurora-replicas-adding.html
More than one Aurora Replica can share the same priority, resulting in promotion tiers. If two or more Aurora Replicas share the same priority, then Amazon RDS promotes the replica that is largest in size. If two or more Aurora Replicas share the same priority and size, then Amazon RDS promotes an arbitrary replica in the same promotion tier.
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/AuroraUserGuide/Aurora.Managing.Backups.html#Aurora.M If two or more Aurora Replicas share the same priority, then Amazon RDS promotes the replica that is largest in size. If two or more Aurora Replicas share the same priority and size, then Amazon RDS promotes an arbitrary replica in the same promotion tier. https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/AuroraUserGuide/Concepts.AuroraHighAvailability.html

A company is using a Single-AZ Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance for development. The DB instance is experiencing slow performance when queries are executed. Amazon CloudWatch metrics indicate that the instance requires more I/O capacity.
Which actions can a database specialist perform to resolve this issue? (Choose two.)

1. A. Restart the application tool used to execute queries.
2. B. Change to a database instance class with higher throughput.
3. C. Convert from Single-AZ to Multi-AZ.
4. D. Increase the I/O parameter in Amazon RDS Enhanced Monitoring.
5. E. Convert from General Purpose to Provisioned IOPS (PIOPS).

Correct Answer: BE
https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/database/best-storage-practices-for-running-production-workloads-on-hosted-data "If you find the pattern of IOPS usage consistently going beyond more than 16,000, you should modify the DB instance and change the storage type from gp2 to io1.